Exhaust valve of the poppet valve type of internal-combustion engines



Patented Sept. 9, 1947 PEDESTAL AND BASE connno'roasrauo- TUBE THEREFOR Samuel H. FrankeLOhicago, 111., assignor, by

mesne assignments, to Helene Curtis Industries, Inc., a corporation of Illinois Application July 12, 1945, Serial No. 604,561

This invention relates to improvements in pedestals of the kind wherein. a vertical standard is supported upon a base comprising demountablebuttress type legs and is adapted to carry a portable hair :drier or the like, and more especially concerns features involving the structure by which the legs and standard are connected together. 1

I One of the principal deficiencies in at least certain prior pedestal constructions which include bases comprising demountable buttresstype legs has resided in a. looseness between the leg structure and the pedestal, and more especially between the buttress arms of the legs and. the pedestal, wherefore rattling and noisiness often result from operating vibrations, or other relative motions of the base and pedestal such as may occur during movement of the unit about or over an uneven floor.

An important object of the present invention is to provide an improved buttress arm connection for the legs of a hair drier pedestal base or the like wherein the standard or pedestal is engaged in a rattle-proof manner.

Another object of the invention is to provide a cushioned connection between the legs and the standard of a pedestal unit.

A further object is to provide a novel selfcentering relationship of the standard and the buttress armsof the pedestal base legs.

Other objects, features, and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following description of certain exemplary embodiments of the invention taken in connection with the accompanying two sheets of drawings, in which:

Fig. 1 is a perspective view on a reduced scale of the base portion of a pedestal unit embodying the features of the invention.

Fig. 2 is an enlarged horizontal sectional detail view through the base of the pedestal unit taken substantially in the plane of line 22 of Fig; 1.

Fig; 3 is a diametrical vertical sectional view through the connector structure of the base showing su'ch structure as seen when out of engagement with the buttress legs of the base.

Fig. 4 is a'vertical sectional detail view taken along line 4--4 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 5 is a fragmentary vertical sectional view through the connector structure of a similar pedestal base showing a modified form of the invention.

As. shown in Fig.1, the base portion of a pedestal unit embodying the features of my invens Claims. (01. 248-194) tion comprises a vertical post or standard Ill which forms all or part. of a pedestal upright supporting such means as a hair drier head (not shown), and is itself supported by a plurality of buttress-type legs H. Instead of having the upper or buttress ends of the legs ll secured directly to the standard Ill, a connector member I2 is detachably secured to the legs by means such as screws I3. As best seen in Figs. 2 and 4, the connector I2 is preferably in the form of a flange plate or disk concentrically surrounding the standard in in slightly spaced relation by having an axial standard-clearing aperture [4 which is of slightly larger diameter than the outside diameter of the standard so that the connector andstandard can be readily relatively axially moved for assembly or disassembly purposes. A uniformly interlocked relationship of the connector plate It and the legs II is attained by having the plate formed with identical equidistantly spaced elongated under-face sockets 15 extending radially from the center aperture l4. Within the sockets are received upwardly extending interengaging bosses ll formed upon the upper or buttress ends of the respective legs II. A screw hole l8 opening vertically into each of the sockets l5 registers with a tapped screw hole l9 extending down through each of the associated bosses H to receive the respective screws l3 by which the connector and legs are secured together. This construction affords a strong, compact and simple arrangement whereby the legs II can be quickly assembled or disassembled.

According to the present invention, a novel self-centering rattle-proof connection is afforded between the post I0 and the connector H. To this end, I provide cushioning means, in the present instance comprising in one simple and highly practical form a leaf spring member 20 associated with each of the leg-receiving sockets IS. The mounting of the centering and cushioning spring members 20 with respect to the connector member I2 is such that during assembly of the connector member l2 it can be moved freely, and without interference from the spring members 20, along the standard [I], but upon attachment of the connector [2 to the legs II the spring members 20 automatically assume predetermined centering and cushioning relationship to the standard, the legs, and the connector.

Each of the spring members 20 is of equal tension and preferably formed from fairly stiff spring metal in substantially dog-leg shape to Patented Sept. 9, 1947 i 1 TYPE OF GINES INTERNAL-COIWBUSTION .lulius Charles Haefeli, Selly Oak, Birmingham,

England, assignor to The Austin Motor Company, Limited, Northfield, Birmingham, England Application October 11, 1944, Serial No. 558,170 In Great Britain October 22, 1943 1 Claim. 1

The invention relates to exhaust valves of internal combustion engines and being of the poppet valve type; and has for its object to provide means to prevent such valves becoming unduly heated by the exhaust gases.

According to the invention that part of the valve stem, which lies in the exhaust passage and between the head of the valve and the valve guide, is surrounded by a shroud separate from the valve guide and which preferably has an internal diameter greater than the diameter of the valve stem so as to leave an annular space between the shroud and the stem.

The shroud may be fixed in relation to the cylinder head (or cylinder block as the case may be) being screwed into the inner end of the bore into which the valve guide is fitted; but the shroud may be an integral part of the head or cylinder block. A space should be left between the shroud and the valve guide to form a heat break and prevent any appreciable transfer of heat from the shroud to the valve guide.

The efiect of the shroud is to screen the valve stem from the direct effect of the exhaust flame, and so to prevent undue heating of the valve stem, and consequently to allow of a greater proportion of heat from the valve head to flow to the valve guide thus reducing the temperature at the valve.

The shroud also prevents the flame from impinging on the portion of the valve stem which moves in and out of the guide; and so prevents burning of the lubricating oil.

The shroud may be of metal or of non-metallic substance such as porcelain or other material refractory to heat.

Convenient embodiments of the invention, as applied to an exhaust valve of the overhead type, are described with reference to the accompanying drawing in which:

Figure 1 is a vertical section through the valve,

valve seat and valve guide and also through a in the usual manner and E the exhaust passage. F is a shroud surrounding the stem 11 of the valve. In the example illustrated in Figure 1 the shroud is assumed to be composed of metal; but it may be composed of porcelain or other material refractory to heat, if desired. It has an internal diameter somewhat greater than the diameter of the portion of the stem a which passes through it so as to leave an annular space G between the shroud and the valve stem and prevent the passage of heat by conduction from the shroud to the valve stem. The upper end of the shroud has an external screw thread adapted to screw into an internal thread at the bottom of the bore in the cylinder head into which the valve guide is fitted.

An annular shoulder j of the shroud below the screw thread 9 limits the distance to which the shroud can be screwed into the cylinder head, and the length of the shroud above the plain portion is such that a space H is left between the top of the shroud and the bottom of the valve guide D, thus to form a heat-break and prevent direct conduction of heat from the shroud to the guide.

Referring to Figure 2, the shroud F is formed as an integral part of the cylinder head. In this case also the interal diameter of the shroud is greater than the external diameter of the valve stem (1. so as to leave a space G therebetween. Immediately above the shroud the internal bore is widened out to receive the valve guide D and a space H is left between the bottom of the guide and the top of the shroud to form a heat-break.

The application of the invention to an exhaust valve of the side-valve type will be understood from the above description, the shroud in such. case being screwed down into the top of the bore in the cylinder block into which the valve guide is fitted or being formed as an integral part of the cylinderblock.

Having fully described my invention what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

In an internal combustion engine, the combination of an exhaust valve of the mushroom type, a stem of said valve, a valve seat, a part of said engine having a bore in which is set a tubular valve guide in which said valve stem is guided, an exhaust passage through which said 

